• br Conformational properties of DGK br Interaction of DGK wi

  2019-08-06

  

  Conformational properties of DGKϵ Interaction of DGKϵ with its lipid substrate A major component of the interaction between DGKϵ and lipid bilayers is the insertion of the hydrophobic segment comprising residues 20–42 into the membrane, as discussed above. However, this is not the only interac

• br Sphingosine kinase One of the

  2019-08-06

  

  Sphingosine kinase One of the enzymes closely related to DGKs are the sphingosine kinases (SKs). These enzymes catalyze the conversion of sphingosine (Sph) to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). SKs and DGKs are closely related lipid kinase in term of basic enzymology and the mechanism of regulation a

• In neurodegenerative disorders neurons are excited by enormo

  2019-08-06

  

  In neurodegenerative disorders neurons are excited by enormous ionic flow which induces mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Glutamate as the main excitatory neurotransmitter, is released excessively in these diseases. Glutamate acts through N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and α-amino-3-hyd

• Furthermore we explored the effect of PKC on

  2019-08-06

  

  Furthermore, we explored the effect of PKCζ on SIRT6 phosphorylation. Accumulating data showed that aPKC isoforms are involved in regulating lipid metabolism [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47]. The aPKC activity was reported to play a dominant role in normal insulin signaling by activating PI3

• br Disclosures br Acknowledgements This work was supported i

  2019-08-06

  

  Disclosures Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain (SAF2010-22051) and Xunta de Galicia, Spain (INCITE08PXIB203092PR). Introduction Ca is a key element in cardiac excitation–contraction (EC) coupling. In each heartbeat,

• br Conclusion Our study demonstrates that

  2019-08-06

  

  Conclusion Our study demonstrates that the effects of Epac activation are strongly conditioned by the steady-state Ca levels at which the myocyte is functioning. As intracellular Ca increases, the activity of CaMKII enhances and the phosphorylation of its SR substrates acquires different relevanc

• Grapiprant is a selective antagonist for prostaglandin E PGE

  2019-08-06

  

  Grapiprant () is a selective antagonist for prostaglandin E (PGE) receptor subtype 4 (EP4) identified as a clinical candidate for the treatment of inflammatory pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA). It is currently under development for use in humans and dogs. The projected dosing regimen of grap

• Another interesting finding regarding substrate selectivity

  2019-08-06

  

  Another interesting finding regarding substrate selectivity of iPLA2-VIA in whole cellular systems stems from the observation that some of the major species hydrolyzed by the enzyme contain a 16:1 fatty X-NeuNAc in at the sn-2 position [57,119], raising the possibility that iPLA2-VIA may constitute

• Next we elucidated that the Mtb enolase binds to host

  2019-08-06

  

  Next, we elucidated that the Mtb enolase binds to host plasminogen with a high affinity. The KD value of 360nM for this interaction suggested an avid binding between the two proteins in vivo. This observation is also in conciliation with the observed KD values for enolase-plasminogen interactions in

• calcium sensing receptor It is believed that emphysema in sm

  2019-08-06

  

  It is believed that emphysema in smokers is mediated by proteases released from inflammatory calcium sensing receptor that cause destruction of the extracellular matrix in alveolar septa [1]. Metalloprotease-12 is mainly released by macrophages and is considered the enzyme responsible for emphysemat

• Abdominal aortic aneurysm AAA is

  2019-08-06

  

  Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is considered a major health concern and is associated with extremely high rates of mortality in case of aortic rupture. The main pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to aortic dilation include the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as colla

• Despite robust translation of GA only small amounts of GR

  2019-08-06

  

  Despite robust translation of GA, only small amounts of GR and GP were translated in cultured acetylcholine inhibitor and chick embryo spinal cord neural cells from the 75 copies of G4C2 in monocistronic constructs. Interestingly, GA is also the most common dipeptide found in autopsy tissue in FALS

• br Conclusions Mulan is a mitochondrial E ubiquitin

  2019-08-06

  

  Conclusions Mulan is a mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase with diverse roles in cell growth, cell death, and mitophagy. To better understand the mechanism of Mulan\'s function we used a modified yeast two-hybrid system to isolate proteins that interact with its cytoplasmic RING domain (amino acids

• br Assessing DUB activity The Ub

  2019-08-06

  

  Assessing DUB activity The Ub field has benefited greatly from the past efforts of biochemists and chemical biologists who have reconstituted Ub signals in vitro and generated tools for capturing or measuring DUB activities, many of which can be readily produced or are commercially available (Ekk

• br Introduction Prostaglandin E PGE signals

  2019-08-05

  

  Introduction Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signals through 4 separate G-protein coupled receptor sub-types (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4) to elicit a variety of physiological and pathophysiologic effects. EP2 and EP4 increase cAMP levels in the cell via adenylate cyclase activation, whereas EP3 inhibits cAMP

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